Canada Permanent Residency: A Complete Guide to PR Visa

Canada PR is a permanent residence status granted to non-Canadian citizens who wish to immigrate to Canada. A Canada permanent resident visa allows its visa holders the right to study, work, and reside in the country for a period of five years. The PR acts as a citizenship pathway for candidates who fulfill the eligibility criteria.

What is a Canadian Permanent Residency (PR)?

Canadian permanent residency is a legal status allowing a citizen who is not a Canadian Resident the right to live and work in Canada. A Canada PR visa is issued for five years, after which the visa needs to be renewed. Upon the approval of the Canada Visa, the individual is issued a Permanent Resident card, also known as the Canada PR card. As per the Canada Immigration Levels Plan 2024-26, the country aims to invite around 485,000 new permanent residents. Some of the major pathways through which one can apply for Canada PR are as follows:

• Express Entry
• Canadian Experience Class (CEC)
• Provincial Nominee Program (PNP)
• Business Immigration
• Family Class Immigration

Benefits of Canada Permanent Residency

Canada is known to be one of the top immigrant-friendly countries, offering plenty of opportunities for its citizens. The fine quality of life, the satisfactory job market with plenty of employment opportunities, and a diverse and multicultural environment add to the many attributes of immigrating to Canada. As a Canadian Permanent resident, one can study, live and work anywhere across the land of Maple Leaf.

Some of the benefits of the Canadian PR status are as follows:

• Live and work anywhere in Canada: Known as the second-best country in the world for immigrants to live and work, Canada maintains a high standard of living with a growing employee-friendly job market.
   
• Be a part of a well-integrated community: Promoting a culturally diverse environment, the country is well-known for its acceptance of different cultures, heritages, and religions, making it a multicultural country.
   
• Avail the university healthcare system in Canada: The country has an all-inclusive and thorough healthcare system with plenty of affordable benefits for PR holders. One can avail of free medical care offered by the Canadian government and apply for public-funded medical insurance.
   
• Sponsor your family for Permanent residence: As a Canadian PR, one can sponsor their family to accompany. Spouses, children, dependents, common-law partners etc. can be sponsored. The Express Entry system allows family members to be included in the application without requiring a sponsorship, creating a family-friendly environment for immigrants.
   
• Right to FREE education: Canadian permanent residents can avail free education in public schools up to the age of 18. Those admitted in universities are granted lowered tuition fees when compared to the standard rates for international students.
   
• Socials security benefits: PR holders can gain access to social security and other welfare benefits including tax advantages. PR holders over the age of 12 years can apply for a 9-digit Social Insurance Number (SIN) that allows them to utilize the services offered by the Canadian government.
   
• Become a citizen of Canada upon eligibility: To become eligible for Canadian citizenship, a PR holder is required to reside in the country for a minimum of three out of five years. However, only the five years prior to the date of filing your citizenship application will be considered.

Differences between Canadian PR and Citizenship

While Canadian Permanent residency is a temporary immigration pathway, Canadian Citizenship allows citizens to reside in the country permanently.

The key differences between Canadian PR vs. Citizenship are listed in the table below:

Eligibility for Permanent Residency in Canada

One must fulfill the eligibility criteria given below for Canada Permanent Residency:

Requirements for a Canada PR Visa

Candidates are required to score a minimum of 67 points through the six factors listed below to qualify for a Canada PR.

• Age
• Education
• Work experience
• Language ability
• Adaptability
• Arranged employment

The checklist of requirements given below must be met to apply for a Canada PR:

• Age: Candidates aged between 18-35 years can score maximum points while those over the age of 35 are given comparatively lesser points. The maximum age considered for the PR is 45 years.
   
• Education: Candidates must have educational qualifications that are equivalent to the Canadian level of higher secondary education.
   
• Work experience: A minimum of 12 months of full-time work experience is required. Candidates with more years of work experience can score higher points.
   
• Language ability: A minimum of 6 bands in IELTS is required. Candidates with French proficiency can score additional points.
   
• Adaptability: 10 additional points are given if the common-law partner or spouse migrates with the candidate to Canada.
   
• Arranged employment: 10 points are rewarded if the candidate has a valid employment offer from an employer in Canada.

Canada PR Application Process

You can apply for Canada Permanent residence by following the five simple steps given below:

Step 1: Check your eligibility for PR

Step 2: Arrange the checklist of requirements

Step 3: Apply for the Canada PR

Step 4: Await the visa application status

Step 5: Migrate to Canada

How to Obtain a Canada PR Card?

IRCC issues a Canada PR card that proves your identity as a Canadian permanent resident. The PR card is issued to individuals granted PR status in Canada and can be used as a travel document. Introduced in 2002, the PR Card was brought in as an ID card to facilitate easy verification of a permanent resident. PR card holders can freely travel in and out of the country with a validity of up to five years and in some cases, only for up to 12 months.

Candidates who fall under any of the three criteria given below are required to apply for a Canada PR card:

• You are a permanent resident of Canada (with a child)
• You have plans to travel outside Canada
• You plan on returning back to Canada via transportation modes like bus, boat, plane or train.

The steps to apply for a Canada PR Card are as follows:

Step 1: Arrange the documents

One has to arrange the following checklist of documents to apply for a Canada PR Card:

• Fully signed and completed IMM 5444 Form
• Fully signed and completed IMM 5644 Form
• Copy of the identity proof
• Photocopies
• Copy of fee payment
• Proof of residency in the last 5 years

If you are under the age of 18, you must submit:

• Proof of birth certificate, guardianship or adoption documents issued by the Canadian government or court.

• Proof of educational transcripts

Step 2: Fill the application form

You can fill in the application via both online and offline modes:

Fill the application online:

One has to fill out a digital (IMM 5444) PRTD (Permanent Resident Travel Document) Form and upload the PDF documents in the official portal.

Note: It is important to type the name mentioned in the passport to digitally sign the application form.

Fill the application offline:

One has to fill out the PDF documents and attach it with the application via mail.

The forms that are required to apply are as follows:

• IMM 5644
• IMM 5475 or IMM 5476
• IRM 0002 (If applicable)
• IRM 0004 (If applicable)
• IRM 0005 (If applicable)

Note: It is important to submit correct and accurate information in the application to avoid legal consequences.

Step 3: Complete the fee payment

One has to complete the required processing fee payment while applying. The total breakdown of the fee structure is given in the table below:

Steps for PR Card fee payment

To pay the fees, you will need:

• A valid e-mail ID
• Printer access to print the receipt
• Debit MasterCard, Credit Card or Visa Debit Card

Step 4: Submit the application form

You can submit your application via two modes:

Online: You can submit your application along with the set of documents via the official PR Portal.

Offline: You can post your application in a stamped envelope or via courier services.

Step 5: Wait for the status

You must then wait for the status of your application which will be reviewed and finalized by the IRCC.

If the application is correct and approved:

• An AoR (Acknowledgement of Receipt) will be sent via e-mail
• You will receive the PR card via mail or receive details related to when and where to pick up the card.

Note: PR Card cannot be delivered overseas allowing a PR holder to return back to Canada. A PR holder without a status proof outside Canada must apply for the PRTD.

If the application is incomplete:

Incomplete applications will be returned back to the applicant.

If the application is refused:

Applications that are refused will be returned with a refusal letter stating the reasons.

If the application is withdrawn:

Applications that are withdrawn will be sent a letter stating the reasons.

Required Documents for Canada PR Application

The documents required to submit a Canada PR application are as follows:

• A valid passport
• Language proficiency test scores
• Educational transcripts
• Proof of sufficient funds
• Medical certificate
• Police criminal clearance certificate

Canada PR Application Fees

Canada PR cost includes medical examination fees, English language test, application fees for dependents and spouses, PCC fees, ECA fees and more. The Canada PR fee generally ranges from 2,500 CAD to 3,000 CAD and may vary depending on the number of applicants.

• Single applicant - 2,340 CAD
• Couple with no kids - 4,680 CAD
• Couple with one kid - 5,285 CAD

The total cost of the Canada PR application is given in the table below:

Canada PR Processing Time

The processing time for the Canada PR visa takes around 6-8 months and may vary depending on the type of immigration program.

The table below has phase-wise processing times for Canada PR:

Latest Canada Express Entry Draws

Canada Draws in 2025

Factors Affecting Canada PR Application Processing

The application processing time for a Canada PR Visa can be affected by various factors such as:

• Type of Immigration program: The processing time for Canada PR may vary depending on the type of immigration program as each program has a different processing timeline.Some of the most common immigration pathways include Family sponsorship programs, Provincial Nominee Program and Express Entry program.
• Accuracy of the application: A complete and up to date application with all the required documents can speed up the application process. Applications that are incomplete or have false information are often delayed.
• Changes in the immigration policies: Any new changes in the immigration policies announced by IRCC can affect the processing time. It is advised to stay informed about the policy changes and immigration updates.
• Number of applications: A high volume of applications can result in extended processing times. 
   

How to renew my Canada PR Card? 

The Canada PR card is valid for five years, after which it must be renewed to stay in Canada. PR holders who plan to travel outside Canada must check the validity of their PR at the time of arrival in the country. If the card expires or is invalid, carrying IMM 5644 (Travel document) is recommended. The travel document can be applied from outside the country. The card can be renewed after it expires or nine months prior to the expiry date. Applications that are complete with correct information will be granted a new PR card.

To become eligible for a Canada PR Card, one must:

• Submit the application in Canada
• Be a PR holder

You can follow the simple steps given below to renew the Canada PR card:

Step 1: Check if you are eligible

Step 2: Arrange the requirements as per the “Document Checklist” provided on the official portal.

Step 3: Pay the application fee

Step 4: Submit the application

Step 5: Wait for the renewal status

Actions to Avoid PR Card Expiration

A candidate's PR status is not directly linked to the expiry of the PR card. One can lose one's PR status only if one voluntarily renounces it or if they are considered inadmissible due to a criminal offense.

Some of the measures you can take before the PR card expires is as follows:

• Keeping a track of your PR card status
• Applying for the renewal of the PR card 9 months before the expiry date
• Ensure you meet the residency requirement by staying in the country for at least 730 days out of 5 years
• Ensure you are in Canada at the time of expiry
• Have all the required documents for the PR card renewal

Maintaining Canadian PR Status

One must fulfill the PR status requirements and meet certain criteria to be able to maintain their PR status.

Strategies for Maintaining PR Status in Canada

Some of the strategies that one can follow to maintain their PR status in Canada are as follows:

• Ensure you renew your Canada PR every five years.
• Fulfil the residency requirement by physically residing in the country for 730 days.
• Submit sufficient proof to show that you fulfill the PR requirements
• Must not violate the immigration policies

Requirements to Avoid PR Status Revocation

Some of the ways to avoid PR status revocation is as follows:

• Remain in the country for at least 730 days.

• Ensure you are not inadmissible to the country by avoiding getting involved in criminal activities amongst other factors
• Respect and maintain the Canadian laws
• Promptly renew the Canada PR card

From Permanent Resident to Canadian Citizen

Canada PR holders can apply for Canadian citizenship after continuously residing in Canada for at least 1095 days during 5 years.

To become a Canadian citizen from PR are:             

• Be a Canadian PR over the age of 18
• Lived in Canada for at least 1,095 days during the previous five years
• Have a good moral character
• Pass the Canadian citizenship test
• Swear an Oath of citizenship
• Not to have any criminal records
• Not to be asked by Canadian officials to leave Canada

How to Improve Your CRS Score for Express Entry?

Here are some ways to improve your CRS score for Express Entry:

Language proficiency       

• The applicant can achieve a high score on language proficiency tests like IELTS, CELPIP, or TEF in English or French.
• The CLB level of 9 or higher in all language abilities (listening, speaking, reading, and writing) to earn maximum points

Obtain Educational Credentials Assessment (ECA)

• Get your foreign educational credentials assessed by a designated organization to determine their Canadian equivalency
• Submit the ECA report with the Express Entry profile to claim points for educational qualifications

Gain Canadian Work Experience

• Work in Canada on a valid work permit to accumulate Canadian work experience
• Canadian work experience is highly valued and can significantly boost the CRS score

Enhance Educational Qualifications

• Pursue further education or training to obtain additional degrees, diplomas, or certificates
• Higher levels of education can result in higher CRS scores, especially if the credentials are recognized in Canada

Secure a job offer

• Obtain a valid job offer from a Canadian employer in a skilled occupation
• A job offer supported by LMIA which can let you earn additional CRS points

Improve Adaptability Factors

• Enhance your adaptability by obtaining PNP, documenting relationships with your Canadian siblings, or having previous study or work experience in Canada.
• These factors can increase the CRS score and show they can settle in Canada.

Utilize Spouse or Common-law Partner’s Credentials

• Include Spouse/ Partner’s language proficiency, education, or Canadian work experience
• Spousal Factors significantly impact CRS score 

Common Mistakes to Avoid in Your Canada PR Application

It is necessary for an applicant to avoid common mistakes in Canada PR Application:

• Inaccurate or incomplete documentation
• Miscalculating points in the Express Entry System
• Failing to update your profile
• Ignoring PNPs
• Overlooking Language test requirements
• Not meeting work experience requirements
• Applying too late
• Misrepresentation
• Not using professional help when needed
• Lack of preparation for medical and security checks
   

Life after PR: Rights and Responsibilities in Canada

Once an applicant has successfully become a Permanent resident (PR) in Canada, they must have rights and responsibilities

Rights

• An applicant can live, work, and study anywhere in Canada.
• You can receive most social benefits like Canadian residents, including healthcare coverage and Social Insurance numbers.
• Can apply for Canadian citizenship
• Protected under the Canadian law

Responsibilities

• Must pay taxes and respect all Canadian laws at the federal-provincial municipal level
• Must be physically present in Canada for at least 730 days within 5 years to keep PR status
• Not to be involved in criminal activities

Top Job Markets for New PR Holders in Canada

The demands for Canadian PR holders are high across the various industries in Canada. Below mentioned are six sectors that offer work opportunities for PR holders:

• Information technology (IT) sectors
• Healthcare sector
• Engineering Sector
• Engineering sectors
• Financial Service sector
• Skilled Trades
• Natural Resources Sector

Language Requirements: Tips for IELTS and TEF Success

To get Canada PR, an applicant needs to fulfill the language requirements for English or French:

IELTS

The minimum IELTS score for Canada PR is usually CLB 7, equivalent to an IELTS score of 6. An applicant can improve their score by:

• Practicing all four sectors of the test: Listening, reading, writing and speaking
• Taking professional coaching
• Preparing for the test
• Getting comfortable with the test conditions and time limits
• Practicing through official material and sample test

TEF

An applicant must score at least CLB 7 on the TEF Canada exam. An applicant can improve their score by:

• Practise ample time
• Prioritise Grammar and Vocabulary for the TEF Canada Exam
• Master compelling reading and listening Techniques
• Continuously expand your vocabulary
• Regularly practice writing and speaking

How to Secure a Job Offer to Boost Your PR Application?

Here are some ways to secure a job offers in Canada to boast Canada PR application:

• Networking
• Job search Platforms
• Tailor your resume and cover letter
• Research the job market
• Attending a job fair

PR Options for Students Transitioning to Work in Canada

International students who want to transition to work in Canada can pursue permanent residency (PR) through a variety of programs, including:

• Canadian Experience Class (CEC): This requires 12 months of Canadian Work experience and intermediate or strong English or French
• Federal Skilled Worker Program: This requires intermediate English or French skills and two years of Canadian work experience within the last five years.
• Provincial Nominee Program (PNP): This requires provinces and territories to nominate candidates for PR based on their needs.
• Atlantic Immigration Program (AIP): This program attracts recent graduates and skilled workers to Atlantic Canada.
• Rural and Northern Immigration Pilot (RNIP): This program attracts immigrants to rural communities across Canada.
• Agriculture and Agri-food pilot: This program provides a pathway to PR for skilled workers in the agriculture sector.
• Others options includes: Quebec Immigration and Express Entry.

Tips for Passing Medical Exams for Canada PR

There are two types of Canadian medical exams:

• The standard medical exam
• The streamlined medical exam

To get the Medical exam for Canada PR, an applicant must see a doctor on the list of panel physicians.

Requirements to apply for a Medical Exam:

• Proper identification
• Original Birth certificate
• Refugee travel document
•  Travel itinerary
• Previous medical reports
• List of any current medication
• Medical Report form

What to Do If Your PR Application is rejected?

If your PR application is rejected, an applicant can consider the following points:

• Appeal
• Reapply
• Seek professional advice
• Review the rejection letter
• Address the issues

The common reason for rejection of Canada PR visa application:

• Misinterpretation of facts or information
• Missed deadline
• Ineligibility
• Criminal records
• Failure to provide the correct documentation

Understanding Residency Obligations to Maintain Canada PR

To maintain Canada PR, an applicant must meet the residency obligation. The residency obligation refers to the applicant's physical presence inside Canada for a set of time. To keep your PR status, an applicant must stay in Canada for at least 730 days during the last five years to meet one of the following situations:

*Note: Some of the time outside Canada may count towards the last 730 days an applicant needs.

Financial Planning Before Moving to Canada as a PR Holder

The cost of living in Canada will vary depending on where applicants are willing to settle in Canada. An applicant must have proof of sufficient funds to support themselves and their family if they arrive at:

·         Skilled worker (Express Entry)

·         Self-employed person

Here is the table that shows the minimum amount an applicant needs to immigrate to Canada:

The cost of household expenses can include the cost of an applicant’s home:

• Home
• Heating and other utilities
• Food
• Clothing
• Health insurance
• Transportation
• Health Insurance
• Sales tax

Here is the cost of living in Canada for different provinces:

How can Y-Axis assist you?

Y-Axis, the leading overseas immigration consultancy in Canada, offers customized and tailored immigration services for every client based on their requirements. Some of our services include:

• Free eligibility check through Canada Immigration Points Calculator
• Expert guidance/counseling for Canada Immigration
• Coaching services: Expert CELPIP coaching, IELTS proficiency Coaching
• Free career consultation; book your slot today!
• Complete guidance for Canada PR visa
• Job search services to find related jobs in Canada